I-485 Adjustment of Status: Green Card Without Leaving the U.S.
If you are already in the United States with valid status, you can apply for your green card without leaving the country. The I-485 process lets you "adjust" your status from temporary visitor to permanent resident. Processing time: 8–14 months.
Benefits of Adjustment of Status
- Stay in the U.S.: No need to travel abroad for consular processing
- Work Authorization: Apply for EAD to work for any employer while case is pending
- Combined Filing: File I-485, I-765 (work permit), and I-131 (travel document) together
Eligibility Requirements
- Approved or pending I-140 petition
- Current priority date according to the visa bulletin
- Physical presence in the United States
- Lawful admission or parole into the U.S.
- Maintained valid immigration status
The I-485 Process
- File I-485 with USCIS — Submit with supporting documents, photos, and fees.
- Biometrics Appointment — Fingerprinting and photos at local Application Support Center.
- Receive EAD and Advance Parole — Typically within 3–6 months.
- Interview (if required) — At your local USCIS field office. Many employment-based cases are waived.
- Receive Decision — Green card mailed to you upon approval.
Concurrent Filing Options
File I-765 (EAD) for work authorization and I-131 (Advance Parole) for travel simultaneously with I-485 at no additional filing fee.
Job Portability
After your I-485 has been pending for 180 days and your I-140 is approved, you can change employers under AC21 portability provisions, as long as the new job is in the same or similar occupation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is I-485 Adjustment of Status?
Form I-485 lets people already in the U.S. with valid status become permanent residents without leaving the country. It is the domestic alternative to consular processing.
How long does I-485 processing take?
Currently 8–14 months on average, though times vary by USCIS field office.
Can I work while I-485 is pending?
Yes, with an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) filed using Form I-765. The EAD allows you to work for any employer.
Can I travel while I-485 is pending?
Yes, with Advance Parole (Form I-131). Travel without Advance Parole may abandon your application.